There are several definitions used while explaining geographic information systems (GIS). One of the most popular definitions for GIS is “a computer-based system to aid in the collection, maintenance, storage, analysis, output, and distribution of spatial data and information. (Bolstad)” GIS helps us gather and use spatial data; it is concerned with absolute and relative location of features (the where) and it’s concerned with properties and attributes of those features (the what).
GIS quantifies locations by recording their coordinate positions on Earth (latitude/longitude). GIS tools are essential in business, government, education, and non-profit organizations (Bolstad). It helps us identify and address environmental problems by providing information on where the problems occur and who are affected by them. Using GIS we are able to identify the source, location, and extent of environmental impacts.
Advances in three key technologies have helped aid in the development of GIS; imaging, GNSS, and computing. Cameras…